To create an anamorphic projection, place a cylindrical mirror—like a soda can with a reflective surface—at the center of a sheet of paper, so that the surface of the paper is reflected in the mirror.
The unpredictability of literary language can, I believe, be grasped if one recognizes that literature functions in a way that is comparable to, but not identical with, anamorphic projection. Consider, first, the similarities between the writer and the drawer of anamorphic projection.
He who writes with elements has merely taken distortions that had found their true three-dimensional projection in another work, and replanted them in a foreign environment, still hoping to find their corrected image in the mirror of literature.
Such a reading, of course, is a projection of psychoanalysis, not a reading of literature.
The return of the repressed, defenses, projection, they are all ways of propping up a belief in the good story, which is a just story, in which progress is reflected in a movement from the seeming self to the true self.
S'il ne fait pas l'expérience de la destructivité maximale (objet non protégé), le sujet ne place jamais l'analyste au dehors, c'est pourquoi il ne pourra rien faire de plus que l'expérience d'une sorte d'auto-analyse, utilisant l'analyste comme une projection d'une partie de son soi.
(p.
Pour Winnicott, c'est justement l'inverse : la destruction n'est pas une réaction à la réalité, elle « crée » la réalité (« la qualité de l'extériorité ») :
Le postulat central de cette [sa propre] thèse est le suivant : lorsque le sujet ne détruit pas l'objet subjectif (matériel de projection), la destruction apparaît et devient un trait essentiel, pour autant que l'objet soit objectivement perçu, ait son autonomie et relève de la réalité « partagée ».
S'il ne fait pas l'expérience de la destructivité maximale (objet non protégé), le sujet ne place jamais l'analyste au dehors, c'est pourquoi il ne pourra rien
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faire de plus que l'expérience d'une sorte d'auto-analyse, utilisant l'analyste comme une projection d'une partie de son soi.
(p.
The term has been used to refer to a type of projection wherein the person projecting feels 'at one with' the object of the projection (Schafer, 1974).
This is where projective identification differs from projection. In projection, the projector feels estranged from, threatened by, bewildered by, or out of touch with, the object of the projection.
The nature of the difference between projection as an independent process and projection as a part of projective identification will be discussed later in this paper.
(2) That the object of the projection be capable of the type of object-relatedness that is involved in 'receiving' a projection in addition to being capable of some form of 'processing' of the projection.
In contrast, in projection as an independent process, the aspect of oneself that is expelled is disavowed and is attributed to the object of the projection.
It differs from projection in that the latter is a concept dealing with an intrapsychic process by which aspects of one's self-representations are attributed to a psychological representation of another person or thing.
Grotstein stresses Bion's conception of formation of 'bizarre objects', which results from the projection of mutilated residues of 'stillborn pre-thoughts'.
For example, Phil's putting ashes into an ashtray represented a reification of projection, an enactment of a fantasied extrusion of a part of himself.
However, the schizophrenic mode of reacting to painful experience—that of attacking his own mental functioning—is still present and is evidenced in Phil's fragmenting of perception and thought and his projection and then re-introjection of these fragments.
The hypertrophy of processes of splitting, projection, introjection, and extreme distortion of representation, mediate the process of psychological fragmentation.
The internal object relationship may be later re-externalized by means of projection and projective identification in an interpersonal setting thus generating the transference and countertransference phenomena of analysis and all other interpersonal interactions.
An example given is the projection of the visual function into a gramophone (more accurately the psychological representation of the gramophone) thus producing a bizarre object that is felt to be capable of spying upon the patient.
This type of defensive fragmentation and projection of the mind into an object (representation) is the hallmark of the psychotic personality.
In part this can be understood as a projection of the infant's internal world onto his external objects (Grotstein, 1980). But even more basic than the notion of projection is the idea that the infant is incapable of doing anything but attributing meaning to experience on the basis of his inborn codes, the life and death instincts.
It is argued that if constitutional endowment of the life instinct predominates over that of the death instinct, the projection of derivatives of the life instinct onto objects will allow for the creation of idealized good objects that serve to defend the ego against the persecutory objects.
Without a change in the infant's way of experiencing his perceptions, he would not be able to modify his expectations even if his projection had been modified by the mother and made available to him through her empathic care-giving.
Ogden, 1984]), their intrapsychic elaboration (e.g., by means of splitting, projection, introjection, omnipotent thought, idealization, denial, and so on), and their interpersonal transformations (by means of projective and introjective identification).
When such disruptions occur, as they inevitably do, the infant must utilize his own biologically-determined psychological defenses, including very primitive forms of splitting, projection, introjection, denial and idealization.
British object relations theory (under the influence of ideas developed by Klein) places more emphasis on the role of phantasy, projection and deep structural "anticipation" of objects.
This consolidation of the "externality" of the object representation is reflected in the degree to which the individual is capable of entering into relationships with actual objects in a manner that involves more than a simple transference projection of his internal object world.
In other words, psychoanalysis requires a theory that addresses the way in which the infant develops the capacity to see beyond the world he has created through the projection of his internal objects.
Despite the fact that Winnicott was not satisfied with the Kleinian resolution to this theoretical problem (i.e., the notion of cleansing of internal objects through maturation and successive projective identifications), he did accept many of the basic premises out of which this theoretical problem was formulated.
As one becomes capable of experiencing oneself as a subject, one at the same time (via projection and identification) becomes capable of experiencing one's "objects" as also being subjects.
This process can be thought of as involving the analyst's unconscious projection of himself into the patient's unconscious experience of himself and his internal objects; an unconscious identification with the patient's unconscious experience of himself and his internal objects; and the creation of an unconscious intersubjective third ("the Other" [Lacan, 1953]) between the patient and analyst.
All defenses in a paranoid-schizoid mode are derived from this principle, e.g. projection is an effort to place an endangering (or endangered) aspect of self or object outside of the self while retaining the endangered (or endangering) aspect of self or object within.
This represents a superordinate defense in which psychological pain is warded off, not simply through defensive rearrangements of meaning (e.g., projection and displacement) and interpersonal evacuation of endangered and endangering internal objects (projective identification); in addition, there is an attack on the psychological processes by which meaning itself is created.
As the individual is increasingly able to experience himself as a subject, he also begins to recognize (by means of projection and identification) that his objects are also subjects who have an inner world of thoughts, feelings and perceptions similar to one's own.
We as analysts are familiar with such anxiety and have tended to understand it in terms of universal, unconscious, murderous wishes as well as the projection of the mother's own sense of inner deadness.
Thus, Klein proposes that there exists from the earliest stages of life a psychic process by which aspects of the self are not simply projected onto the psychic representation of the object (as in projection), but 'into' the object in a way that is felt to control the object from within and leads to the projector's experiencing the object as a part of himself.
Bion (1962a) used the term reverie to refer to the psychological state in which the (m)Other is able successfully to serve a 'containing function' for the infant's/analysand's projection of unthought thoughts and unfelt feelings.
The analyst was well aware that the omission of the detail (the name of the restaurant) very probably represented a way of tantalising and excluding the analyst (a projection of the patient's curiosity and feeling of exclusion from the life of the analyst).
Fundamental to the patient's experience of “catching the observer in the act” was her defensive disavowal, splitting off, and projection of her feelings of being the envious, excluded, curious, sexually aroused, self-deceptive infant.
The analyst was well aware that the omission of the detail (the name of the restaurant) very likely represented a way of tantalising and excluding the analyst (a projection of the patient’s curiosity and feeling of exclusion from the life of the analyst).
It does not suffice to say that projective identification represents simply a powerful form of projection or of identification, or a summation of the two, since the concepts of projection and identification address only the intrapsychic dimension of experience.
Il ne suffit pas de dire que l'identification projective représente simplement une forme puissante de projection ou d'identification, ou une somme des deux, car ces deux concepts concernent uniquement la dimension intrapsychique de l'expérience.
R had been living in a psychotic world generated by and with her mother (with the help of her father), a world in which the patient was, at every moment, unconsciously feeling that she had to choose between killing herself (giving herself over to being a projection of her mother's feelings of her own vileness) or killing her mother by insisting on becoming a person in her own right (albeit a person who had no real mother and no world that held meaning for her).