This monograph is a richly stimulating discussion of the patriarchal role in affecting male juvenile behavior. It argues that where the paternal model was inadequate, there is need for “anabolic therapy” (‘replacement therapy’) which is essentially “demanding.’

Lederer's emphasis, however, is on the positive aspects of the superego. Using the image of the dragon, he contrasts the Occidental dragon (such as the Niebelungen Lindwurm, etc.) which is altogether evil with the Chinese and other Oriental forms of the dragon which essentially embody strength and goodness. While this dragon can also be ferocious, its very destructive power makes him a reliable protector. This dual quality also appears, though less focally, with the Hebrews, Greeks and in Christian demonology.

Lederer's thesis is illuminated by references to mythological, artistic, religious and philosophical data and is written in a gracious and imaginative tone.