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As far as we know, the human being differs in a number of related aspects from all other animal organisms. The human being develops innate capacities to experience himself as an entity, discrete from others, which we term a self. He experiences time—past, present and future—and himself in time. He comes to conceptualize, to plan, and to experience all kinds of significance and relationships, in regard to the phenomena in and around him. He uses a diversity of symbols to express his understanding of things, to communicate, and to direct in part his own destiny. He develops a number of inner systems of meaning and value acquired from his environment, and some created from the unique needs, tastes and propensities of his own selfhood. His human life expresses itself in three exclusively human modes; ethics, aesthetics and logic. However, primitive and ungifted a human being may be, he struggles to achieve his standards of right, beauty, and understanding. Each person, in his very living, expresses a philosophy whose meanings and value systems are exquisitely personal. With each patient we must, to paraphrase Mao Tse Tung, never assume that he knows what we know, that he understands what we say, or that he cannot learn what we know.