Dr. Yolles has touched upon such a wide range of topics that it would be impossible to do justice to all of them in a limited discussion. I feel it would be pertinent here to give some history of the development of narcotics abuse in the United States. This is unique in comparison with any other country in the Western Hemisphere. I agree that the medical profession bears considerable responsibility in this development, even though other factors also played a role. The medical profession first used morphine by hypodermic injection in a great number of patients for the treatment of injured soldiers during the Civil War. It was a godsend then; but it was