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The authors set out the argument that the causes of schizophrenia lie in derailed early attachment relationships and are not the product of faulty genes or abnormal brain chemistry. They summarize the accumulated research into the causes of schizophrenia and integrate the growing literature exploring the psychosocial causes with the field of attachment theory and research. The article discusses the research linking insecure attachment and, in particular, disorganized/unresolved states of mind with psychosis and schizophrenia. The authors discuss the evidence that psychosis is associated with childhood trauma, loss, and neglect, to sub-optimal parenting styles, and to insecure attachment. They conclude that this new integration has profound implications for treatment approaches.