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John Bowlby will be remembered in perpetuity as the originator of attachment theory. But such a simple, albeit inspiring, description threatens to overshadow Bowlby's original contributions of 1939, and earlier, as the progenitor of the modern child mental health profession in Great Britain and, also, as the first serious theorist of separation as an aetiological factor in childhood psychopathology. The author has reviewed Bowlby's much forgotten essay on “Hysteria in Children” and also his co-authored letter on “Evacuation of Small Children” as key politically-inspired moments in Bowlby's early career, which served as battle cries to fellow professionals to consider the parent-infant bond more seriously. The author also situates Bowlby's treatment of psychologically troubled children in the context of late-nineteenth century and early-twentieth century medicine.