This brief discussion of the insight afforded by attachment theory to understanding pupils’ behaviour and responses, indicate the enormous potential in school systems to changing negative internal working models of vulnerable pupils whose early beginnings have been less than secure enough and a significant contribution to the well-being and mental health of the community. It is predicated on an understanding of the social and emotional experiences that can inhibit learning in school. In particular the awareness of the teacher to the meaning of pupil behaviour and responses which enhances their role and skills as a teacher.

Engagement in learning is a pathway to accessing opportunity. Accessing opportunity is a bridge to social inclusion and so education is the direct route out of adversity for many families trapped in cycles of deprivation and poverty.