The author points out some of the current debates on the topic of changes in technique in psychoanalysis. Through the exposition of two clinical cases, a child and an adult woman, it discusses how the transformation of the patient is the result, not only of interpretations, but also of the deep and emotionally involving attunement between the patient and the analyst that allows both to open to primitive states of mind, not accessible to consciousness. Starting from the work of Winnicott, Stern, Bollas, Levine and many others, he recalls the existence of two areas of functioning in the session for which it is necessary to hypothesize the use of different instruments. In one, talking cure is effective; for the other, that of the «known non thought», it is necessary to use interventions that mobilize the analyst as a person and a sane object in the relationship. It will be the new experience lived with the analyst, in the «here and now» of the session, to be transformative.

KEY WORDS: Attunement, change, interpretation, reciprocity.