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An endeavor is made to clear up some misconceptions of Federn's ego psychology in the light of recent criticism by Jacobson and by Hartmann, Kris, and Loewenstein. Federn's concepts of ego libido, ego boundaries, and narcissism are discussed. Hartmann's use of the terms "self-cathexis" and "narcissistic ego cathexis" is critically examined. A clarification is attempted of Federn's conception of the process of ego breakdown.