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THE NONHUMAN ENVIRONMENT IN NORMAL DEVELOPMENT AND IN SCHIZOPHRENIA. By Harold F. Searles. New York: International Universities Press, 1960, xvii + 446 pp., $7.50.
The author describes various aspects, normal and pathological, of man's relationships to the external world of inorganic and nonhuman organic life. The importance of "man's kinship with the nonhuman environment" is detailed in a preliminary chapter. Following this, a chapter called "The Nonhuman Environment as Experienced by the Healthy Individual" takes up developmental phenomena in this area and describes "the psychological benefits which derive from a mature relatedness to one's nonhuman environment." The chapter devoted to psychopathology describes confusion between the self and the nonhuman environment, anxiety about being, or being considered to be nonhuman, "nonhumanness" as a defense against affective states, projection mechanisms, etc. Cultural attitudes are taken up in another chapter, and finally the author discusses the value of further investigations in his subject.
PSYCHOANALYTIC EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES. By Bertram D. Lewin and Helen Ross. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., 1960, xviii + 478 pp., $10.00.
The intention of the authors is, avowedly, "to present facts rather than preconceptions …" The "facts" cover the widest possible range, and are presented with wit and a wealth of literary allusion. They comprise such matters of general interest as historical considerations, concepts of psychoanalytic education and discussions of "the psychoanalytic student, " and specific studies of finances, methods and problems of selection, details concerning training analyses, the training analyst, supervision, teaching curriculum, child analysis, research projects, etc. It is impossible to discover a significant omission in this survey of psychoanalytic education in the United States.
THE UNCONSCIOUS BEFORE FREUD. By Lancelot Law Whyte. New York: Basic Books, 1960, xiii + 219, pp., $4.50.
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