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The genetic forerunners of vengeance are found in the earliest object relationships. Initial disturbances due to oral frustrations result in the ego's inability to satisfy the instincts autoerotically and to an incorporation of hateful internal objects.
In contrast to love, in which the mode of striving of the ego is toward objects as a source of pleasure, in vengeance the striving of the ego is against these objects as a source of pain to ensure their destruction.