A method of study is proposed for the assessment and follow-up of psychoanalytic treatment. In each case, the samples evaluated include several hours at the beginning of the analysis, at the point of decision about termination, at termination, and in four to six interviews two to five years after the end of the analysis. The data are microscopically reviewed in an analytic manner by a group, including the follow-up analyst. The information is then organized according to a schema that includes ego functions entering into the analytic alliance, the defense transference, the special configuration of the Oedipus complex, and dreams. Two case examples are presented to illustrate the approach and to demonstrate that such a careful effort reveals with some precision the effects of the analytic process and permits an investigation of the nature of the process.