PSYCHOANALYSIS IS A DISCIPLINE THAT shares interests with a wide variety of psychological, behavioral, and social sciences; with the humanities, linguistics, theology, and jurisprudence to name some, among many adjacent disciplines; and, of course, it shares interests with biology—particularly, neurobiology.

In this paper, I shall focus on the interface between psychoanalysis and neurobiology, but in doing so I do not mean to imply that it is in any absolute sense the only, most important or most relevant boundary. That depends on context. For example, mind-body issues are not the most important or relevant ones for understanding and illuminating transactions involved in the clinical conduct of psychoanalysis—in that context, issues of language and meaning have more immediate relevance and technical utility. I hope this will be clear in the illustrative clinical psychoanalytic data upon which I will draw at some length and in some detail. But the interface between mind on the one side