This paper concerns the dynamics of transference-countertransference as they reveal themselves in object relations and specifically in the psychoanalytic process. It is postulated that transference and countertransference cannot be viewed separately, that both analyst and patient exhibit transference-countertransference reactions, and that they are normal ingredients of the psychoanalytic process. Brief clinical illustrations are provided. Attention is called to special problems when the patient's defenses are primitive, and to the therapeutic value of the analyst's countertransference.