I am glad to have this opportunity to respond to Henry Smith's discussion; it is a pleasure to address such intelligent questions and perceptive comments. The thrust of many of his comments appears to be that it is the phenomenology of psychoanalysis that matters, and that theory should be “last in” and “first out” when we review our analytic findings. I wholeheartedly agree with that. But first we have to clarify when we are describing phenomena and when we are articulating theory, and this is not always easy. It also means we have to try to be clearer about our theories, and that I will try to do.

I would like to respond to Smith's question on the theory of belief I have put forward. He asks, “Is it a disagreement with Klein's view of