Freud invented psychoanalysis as both a theory of the mind and a therapeutic method. His elucidation of the workings of the mind, and in particular the importance of the unconscious aspects of mental life, was always viewed by him and many of his followers as the more important, more scientific contribution. The impact of Freud's authority has resulted in a tendency to view his vision of psychoanalysis as immutable in the sense of permitting no significant change in either its basic theory or its technique. This attitude of resistance to change has been a deterrent to those who