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There are no systematic case studies or effectiveness studies of psychoanalysis for Avoidant Personality Disorder (AVPD) and only three effectiveness studies of short-term psychodynamic therapy for Cluster C PDs (Barber et al. 1997; Svartberg et al. 2004; Winston et al. 1994). AVPD, one of the most prevalent personality disorders, is associated with disability and impedes recovery from Axis-I disorders. Short-term therapy has shown to be effective in treating patients with AVPD/Cluster C PDs (with comorbid Axis I disorders). However, a small percentage of patients in these studies did not improve in short-term therapy. Psychoanalysis