Making Room for the Disavowed: Reclaiming the Self in Psychotherapy. By Paul L. Wachtel. New York:  Guilford, 2023,  336 pp., $49.00 paperback.

Since the publication of Psychoanalysis and Behavior Therapy (Wachtel, 1977) early in his career, Paul Wachtel has been one of the leading voices in the effort to build bridges between the oft competing theories and practice of psychotherapy. His current book is a capstone to a long career devoted to integrating and finding commonalities among differing voices in the field, as he draws liberally from psychoanalytic, humanistic, cognitive-behavioral, and attachment-based traditions. Here, he pulls few punches. He is deeply critical of clinicians and theorists who remain embedded among their like-minded colleagues and have professional identities that are limited by the silos they inhabit. From the beginning, Wachtel took a different approach, seeking out opportunities to train with Wolpe and other leading behaviorists. Throughout, he maintained the keen eye of an outsider intent on learning from masters in the field, including those whose work was largely discounted by Wachtel's psychoanalytic colleagues.

Although well aware of this history and having studied with Wachtel in graduate school, I find it striking that these internecine struggles continue to inspire such intense feelings among the different theoretical camps. As a developmentalist and psychologist who began his career working primarily with children and adolescents, these debates can feel like old news. Few dynamically trained child therapists whom I know would dispute the benefits of well-designed behavioral interventions for children and their families, nor would they shy away from employing cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) strategies for childhood anxiety and

phobias. There are many moving parts and influential figures in a child's life, and having a broader systemic view of treatment that incorporates the interventions of teachers, family members, and other professionals is now m