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Following Dr George Moran's welcome, Professor Joseph Sandler took the chair and opened the proceedings.
J. Sandler: Let me echo George Moran's welcome. It is an honour for me to chair this part of the meeting and to welcome so many distinguished guests. There is a great deal for us to discuss in the two papers that have been pre-circulated and which will be summarized. I shall divide my comments into sections as I have some questions for each of the authors and I thought it would be more appropriate to give these after they had presented their summaries.
I have also been asked to say something about the work of the Hampstead Clinic and, in particular, the work that has emerged over the years from the Hampstead Index. About 30 years ago we began a project here on ‘The Concept of Superego’, with which some of you
The 10th International Scientific Colloquium was held at the Anna Freud Centre on 28 and 29 October 1988. The closed meeting was attended by invited analysts from a variety of countries and staff and students of the Centre, numbering some ninety people in all.
The proceedings of seven previous International Scientific Meetings have been published in this journal, in Volume 5 part 2, Volume 6 part 2, Volume 7 part 3, Volume 8 part 2, Volume 9 part 2, Volume 10 part 3 and Volume 11 part 2.
may be familiar. A very central consideration in that project was the role of the superego in the maintenance of well-being. This part of the project resulted in a paper in 1960 in The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child which was published at the same time as a paper by Roy Schafer, and both papers1 pointed out the role of the superego, not simply as a critic but as a supplier - a source - of well-being and, one could say, of self-esteem. What was put forward was the notion of loving, supportive functions of the superego in addition to the critical, punitive ones. It is of some interest that at about the same time we began to distinguish in our thinking between the affects of s