This book restores Hermine Hug-Hellmuth's importance as one of the early psychoanalysts. She was the world's first practising child psychoanalyst and the first person to make use of systematic child observation from a psychoanalytic point of view. For a very long time this has been disputed on the grounds that the famous A Young Girl's Diary was fictional. A brief biography is provided by a collection of previously untranslated fragments published in historical sequence. The authors then weigh up her substantial contributions to psychoanalytic theory and practice.