A rationale is offered for the use of homework assignments in brief therapy. It is argued that such assignments help maintain a therapeutic focus, strengthen the therapeutic alliance, enhance motivation and can reduce termination difficulties. The analysis of resistance to carrying out homework is also discussed and it is suggested that it can be a potent tool in clarifying motivational problems and blocks to the generalisation of therapeutic gains into the patient's daily life. Problems for therapists and patients in using such techniques are also briefly discussed. An extended case example is included to illustrate the practical application of homework assignments.