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Aging & Mental Health 14(6), 764-768, 2010
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine medical illness and anxiety, depressive, and somatic symptoms in older medical patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).
Method: A case-control study was designed and conducted in the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Geriatrics Clinics. A total of 54 older medical patients with GAD and 54 matched controls participated.
Measurements: The measurements used for this study include: Brief Symptom Inventory - 18, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule.
Results: Older medical patients with GAD reported higher levels of somatic symptoms, anxiety, and depression than other older adults, as well as higher rates of diabetes and gastrointestinal conditions. In a multivariate model that included somatic symptoms, medical conditions, and depressive and anxiety symptoms, anxiety symptoms were the only significant predictors of GAD.
Conclusion: These results suggest, first, that older medical patients with GAD do not primarily express distress as somatic symptoms; second, that anxiety symptoms in geriatric patients should not be discounted as a byproduct of medical illness or depression; and, third, that older adults with diabetes and gastrointestinal conditions may benefit from screening for anxiety.
International Forum of Psychoanalysis 19, 165-171, 2010
Symbols psychoanalysis, depth psychology, mythology and religion from a multiplicity of perspectives - there are many guidelines for their interpretation and integration in clinical practice. The present study, based on a Jungian analytic model, incorporated the snake m