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FREUD (1856-1939) AND HERZL (1860-1904), two great revolutionaries and Viennese Jews who founded epoch-making movements and who for two years even lived almost across the street from each other, 1 never actually met and spoke to each other, nor did they refer to each other in their writings and speeches. Yet almost daily Freud read the Neue Freie Presse of which Herzl was feuilleton writer, Paris Correspondent and finally Literary Editor;2 Freud followed the establishment of the Zionist movement and its first International Congress in 1897; he saw Herzl's play [ The New Ghetto ] in 1898 and had a dream provoked by that play.3 He dreamed of Herzl4 and in 1902 wrote to him.5 Thus we have on the one hand Freud's intense preoccupation with Herzl, and on the other his avoidance of him.
People who knew both Freud and Herzl have given widely varying accounts of their relationship. Goldhammer reported that