On Psychoanalytic Training (A Symposium)—On Training Analysis—or Sometimes Analysis in the Service of Training

THE HISTORY OF TRAINING ANALYSIS is almost as old as psychoanalysis itself. Early, Freud stated that the analyzing instrument, the analyst, must understand the process from the inside; that is, he must undergo an analysis himself as a cornerstone of his training.

At one time, the training analysis and the supervision of a candidate were done by the same analyst. The basic assumption was that the personal analysis and supervision, along with course work, were all parts of the student's education. Hence, the term "training analysis" or "didactic analysis."

This had significant ramifications for the student's analysis. In the early days, and continuing into the present at some institutes, the training analyst also had the function of evaluating the candidate's progress in analysis with a training committee. This made for considerable anxiety for both analysand and analyst. It introduced extra-analytic issues stemming from the candidate's need to graduate, and to advance within the structure of the analytic institute. Thus, the candidate's need to please by being the good patient may be operative. The training analyst, of course, was put