I NOTED SEVERAL POINTS made by Dr. Kafka in her paper. The first is a need for connection and for self-discovery on the part of the analyst which must be gratified to make the analysis go forward. Secondly, her extended use of the metaphor of jazz musician. Thirdly, she stresses the patient's enhanced capacity to connect without merger, her capacity to be alone, which stimulates the analyst's sense of agency and improvisation. The patient described here as Lisa is suffering from a developmental arrest and Dr. Kafka underlines five themes. They are: (1) Mystification; (2) The analysis of attachment addiction; (3) Unmasking victimization; (4)