Louis Waldstein published The Subconscious Self in 1897, the present volume being merely a reprint, but apparently he knew nothing of Freud, whose first contribution had appeared in 1893. In thought and suggestion the book is very rich, the author trying to investigate the relation-ship between conscious and subconscious, and from these investigations to trace the appearance of different neuroses. In these investigations he begins with the conception of the dualism which is present in us all, and includes under the term 'subconscious' much of that which to-day we call 'unconscious.' He leads us with fine intuition through the entire material which is now the object of psycho-analysis, but he remains far from the present conception of it.

The most prominent point in his work is the tracing back of every neurotic conflict, of dreams, artistic work, insanity, to the impressions of early childhood that are stored up in the subconscious, and from the same angle he also tries to approach and understand our human endeavours. He