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Aichhorn tells about his child-guidance work in Vienna. 'It seems to be best not to expect every child to be an "interesting" psycho-analytic case, but to try to succeed with the simplest pædagogic measures'. He recommends psycho-analytic treatment for manifest neuroses and latent perversions; 'Verwahrlostenanalyse' (originated by himself; analytic interpretation combined with pædagogic transference influence in order to build up a socially orientated super-ego) for manifest perversions and manifest mixed forms (of neurosis and asocialty); child guidance work for latent or potential neuroses, for latent or potential mixed forms and potential perversions; reformatory or centres (Hort) for asocialty.
Some of the cases he quotes are: apparent asocial behaviour caused by hunger; apparent night terror by bugs; apparent melancholia in a girl of eighteen by the fact that she was unable to pay the bill of the doctor who performed an abortion; 'naughtiness' as a reaction to the obsessional neurosis of the mother; to the over-indulgence of the grandfather; to sexual stimuli from the mother, etc. In one case naughtiness stopped when the mother, following Aichhorn's advice, permitted every sort of aggression over a certain period. In the case of a brother and sister having sexual relationships Aichhorn advises separation. In that of a little girl addicted to begging, financial support for the family and day-nursery for the child, etc.