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After pointing out the manifold analogies between the sexual development of monkeys and apes, as observed by Zuckerman, and the sexual development of man, as presented by Freud's teachings, the author comments on some of the facts observed by Zuckerman.
1The activity of the females, which is manifested in her 'presenting' to the males.—Accordingly the activity of the female's libido cannot be overlooked, though it shews itself in a different phase and in a different way from that of the male.
2The sexual nature of the relation between mother and child.—My argument, put forward some years ago, that 'grooming' is the continuation of this relation, is here confirmed by facts recorded by Zuckerman. It being understood that grooming is efficacious in establishing social relationship, it clearly follows that the community is held together by libidinous forces, namely those originating in the relation of mother and child. On observing the affective expression of grooming more closely, I came to the conclusion that besides giving an opportunity to revive the mother-child-relation it also dramatizes in a kind of depression the loss of the mother. Accordingly, I believe that the dominance of the strongest (the overlord) can be explained with the stabilization of the loss of the mother, with a tendency towards permanent depressing renunciations. (Not only the members of a family are compelled by the power of the overlord to renounce, but each overlord too by the other families.)
3The fact of dominance, which represents a kind of rule or moral law.—The