The author reviews 'the conditions known as "idiopathic" or "essential" epilepsy and hysterical fits or convulsions, as well as the borderland lying between the two'. He makes an interesting and informative survey of ætiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment in this field which is too detailed to permit of compression into a short abstract. The following points will be of special interest to psycho-analysts. '… it is extremely difficult, in fact almost impracticable, to draw a hard and fast line between hysteria and epilepsy; that is to say, it is scarcely possible to define where hysteria ends and epilepsy begins'. Both epileptic seizures and hysterical convulsions may occur in the same individual and the potential epileptic probably manifests hysterical fits prior to the appearance of true epileptic fits far more frequently than is usually supposed. The author doubts if the Freudian 'repressed Oedipus' ætiology of hysteria is universally