The aims, rational and irrational, conscious and unconscious, of those seeking psycho-analytic treatment and the various phantasies concerning expected therapeutic results are discussed with illustrative case material. The analyst is warned to beware of his own unconscious aims, phantasies and attitudes, lest the sometimes amazing phenomena delude him with ideas of his own grandeur. The analyst should keep clearly in view that the purpose of analysis is a better self-adjustment and not necessarily extensive changes in the personality as a whole.