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Man ought to be considered not as an independent individual but as an indivisible and inseparable part of his actual group. Individuals do not exist as individuals, but only as members of social groups. To speak of their instincts or their individual history is incorrect and misleading; human needs, activities, pains and pleasures are always social, always involve other human beings. To show the author's ideas I quote some of his sentences: 'The neurotic symptom is not a subterfuge aimed at satiating a need that stands apart from the needs of the group; rather, it is a means for reconciling in the most effective manner the conflicting elements of the indivisible of which the neurotic is a part'. 'Freud conceptualized a theory of the neurosis that considered a complex, insulated, unconscious force as being the cause of the trouble.' 'Our own approach treats the single being, the neurotic, as a mere particle of the real whole. In this sense the neurotic is suffering the discords inherent in a panorama of group forces. Thus from orthodox psycho-analysis to the group-life theory each step was the result of covering life in terms of a larger whole.'