With the death in New York City of Karen Horney on 4 December, 1952, there passed from the psycho-analytic scene a distinguished, vigorous and independent figure. Her professional career was about equally divided between Germany and America, to which she came in 1932 as associate director of the newly established Chicago Psychoanalytic Institute headed by Franz Alexander, the second of its kind in America. Because of differences in opinion which arose there she settled in New York in 1934 to engage in private practice and teaching at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute and later gave courses at the New School for Social Research.

In New York again her ideas were not in agreement with those of the majority of the teaching staff of the Psychoanalytic Institute. She withdrew to found a new group called the American Association for the Advancement of