This book is a translation of a treatise written in 1935 following a period of study in Vienna. It describes the work of the experimental school of Adlerian pedagogy, and gives a clear presentation of Adler's psychology and its application in kindergarten and elementary school. It helps the reader to understand why Adler failed to make an impact on psychiatry, but found followers among teachers and social workers. Some of the group experiments carried out under Adler's aegis can be regarded as forerunners of group therapy.