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In this paper Renneker presents clinical material pointing to the existence of pre-sleep mechanisms of dream control, i.e. ego-activities designed to control or prevent dreams by reducing tension
before falling asleep. He postulates three basic mechanisms: (1) physiological, substitutive, partial gratification of id demands; (2) the establishment of a presleep sense of ego-mastery; and (3) discharge of the dream while still partially awake. Attention to what has occurred before sleep may help in the understanding of the subsequent dream or explain why there has been no dream.