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The function of sublimation in promoting stability is discussed and certain problems affecting the individual under modern industrial conditions raised, notably the failure of much adult work to offer libidinal satisfaction of any type. What happens to children when the work of their elders is predominantly void of libidinal investment? The teacher's influence on the formation of ego ideal and on identificatory processes prompts some comment on modern educational procedure. The unreal 'matiness' existing in some progressive schools between teacher and pupil is held to interfere with this process. A wider choice of identification could moreover be afforded by grouping children in mixed age groups. On the other hand the tendency to stress group activities may overlook the important fact that it is the libidinal charge of an activity, not the inducement to sociability, which counts. 'The child who shares a collective activity with lukewarm interest profits less than the child deriving a deep gratification from a solitary pursuit.'
Self-direction is encouraged not only by opportunity to use freedom but also by guidance in anticipating danger and frustrations. The ability to decide and select may be encouraged by simplifying the environment. Walls covered with the large sheets of children's drawings may make children the prisoners of their own imperfections and add pointless confusion and disorganization.