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The illuminated signs on Broadway are a wonderful sight to anyone who cannot read.
—G. K. Chesterton.
A clear exposition of scientific method, followed by a discourse about the biological basis of personality, leaning heavily upon heredity and constitutional factors is followed by a gentle leading of the reader through the work of Galen, Kretschmer, and Sheldon, asserting the correlations of physical habitus with temperament. The importance of introversion and extraversion is stressed, and though Jung is mentioned, the concepts of extraversion and introversion are alleged to have preceded him by 200 years. Thereafter, a number of human and animal experiments are quoted. By easy stages the reader is introduced to Pavlov's work on conditioned reflexes, and thence to the idea of the conditioning of human beings. Doubts which may have begun to arise are soothed away by several arguments. One is that conditioning is part of the normal upbringing, education, and socialization of everyone. Psychopaths, delinquents, and people with behaviour disorders are known to resist conditioning. Nevertheless, it is recommended that for some of these conditioning is the best way of obliterating undesirable behaviour patterns and firmly planting and fixing more morally and socially acceptable ones. To quell our rising qualms about the violation of the rights of the individual Eysenck rightly recognizes that the area of our anxiety will be over what seems to be nothing more or less than brainwashing. He then paraphrases an old aphorism which becomes 'I preach, you condition, he brainwashes.' One has the feeling of subtle conditioning in the plausible approach but the first break in the spell came with the realization that the least convincing of Professor Eysenck's ideas are about topics in which I am experienced. Then it gradually became apparent that the three-dimensional problem of criminality was being dealt with in a two-dimensional way.
Eysenck refers to Freud in several pl