In the first part we have briefly dealt with the psychic changes due to extreme mental stress based on prolonged observation and the literature on survivors of Nazi persecution. Two cases were then presented, "marginal" from the point of persecution, which exhibited typical symptoms of the "survivor syndrome" without having actually been internees of concentration camps. These cases prove how far-reaching the sequelae of such persecution can be and that they may appear even in the second generation, the children of the persecutees.