The technique of psychoanalytic treatment has developed historically in close connection with the advance of psychoanalytic theory. Fundamental for the treatment of the classical transference neuroses were methods envisaging the lifting of unconscious contents to consciousness with the help of interpretations and the analysis of resistances and transference. This technique took its orientation from the topological, dynamic and economic viewpoints of metapsychology. The advent of the structural hypothesis and increased knowledge of the early developmental stages of the systems, regarding the disturbances the mental apparatus may be subject to, opened up new approaches for the treatment of patients whose diseases are determined by an early impairment of the regulatory forces of the ego.