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With regard to the general topic of this issue, namely to see the present state of psychoanalysis in its historical perspective, I chose to describe certain aspects of external and internal changes in and around psychoanalysis in Germany between 1933 and today. The following subjects were discussed: (a) the liquidation of psychoanalysis between 1933 and 1945; (b) the struggle to regain psychoanalytic knowledge, scientific and institutional identity as well as international recognition from 1945 until today; (c) developments and expansions are seen in many areas today. I considered a few of them: Psychoanalysis is now recognized as medical treatment and paid for by the social insurance agencies. Freud's prediction of 1919 finally is materializing. Psychoanalytic treatment without fee will have many consequences. It will force the medical associations and the universities to train qualified physicians. German universities can no longer ignore psychoanalysis. With regard to training and research I described the relationship between psychoanalysis and German medical schools. Finally, the requests of psychoanalytic students to participate more actively in their training than before are referred to.