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Dr David Shakow is one of those pioneers of clinical psychology in America who, during the past four decades, have raised its professional standing to a height not enjoyed by it in any other country. This collection of his papers bears witness to the extent of his devotion and labours, intellectually and professionally, in the service of his elected task. What will be most gratifying for the analytic readers is Dr Shakow's deep sympathy for psychoanalysis and a creative and critical understanding of its theories and its clinical practice. Part IV, entitled 'Relationship with Psychoanalysis', should be read by all those who in the analytic profession are trying to establish links with the neighbouring disciplines of psychology and clinical psychology.
In his autobiographic paper, 'One Psychologist as Analysand' (1940), one cannot help but be interested in Dr Shakow's retrospective evaluation of his own analysis: 'The miracles which I had secretly hoped for may not have been achieved, but I have evidence of some self-improvement, some essential growth in maturity. How much of this alteration is due to the truth of analytic theory, how much to the process itself, and how much to the personality of the analyst, it is difficult to determine. All three probably play their roles, although I am inclined to believe that it is the process itself which is most important.' Also of special interest to analysis is the paper, 'Ethics for a Scientific Age—Some Moral Aspects of Psychoanalysis'. Though the paper is largely concerned with the rebuttal of accusations by Mowrer and LaPiere that Freud's demonic genius has corrupted the morals and ethos of this century with its counsels of coito ergo sum and permissiveness towards aggressive behaviour, it also gives a very instructive discussion of the larger issues involved in the interaction of psychoanalysis with culture.