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Hugo Bleichmar introduced that panel as an opportunity to promote a dialogue between psychoanalytic psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy. He stated that, despite recent rapprochements between the two therapeutic modalities, their differences—conceptual, methodological and technical—remain considerable panel was conceived as an attempt to explore how psychoanalysts and cognitice-behavioral therapists interpret material from a clinical case and to examine the different interventions each proposed.
José Calderón analyzed the case from a cognitive-behavioral perspective, beginning with a review of the main principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Calderón highlighted that all cognitive-behavioral therapies depart from the notion that thinking and cognition play a critical role in the etiology and maintenance of psychological disorders. Despite differences in the extent to which they emphasize cognitive and/or behavioral interventions, Calderón noted that all CBT interventions seek to reduce distress and enhance adaptive coping strategies by changing maladaptive beliefs and behaviors and by providing new information-processing skills.
Calderón delineated fundamental CBT principles by applying them to the case of Claudia, a 20-year-old female patient with major depression, whose initial session was audio-recorded and which formed the basis for Adela Leibovich de Duarte's clinical research study (see below). Calderón began by explaining the concept of the cognitive triad, which is composed of thoughts about the self, the world, and the future. Applied to the clinical case: Claudia thought she was unworthy of her friends' attention (self), because people are mean (world) and that, as a result, she would always be alone (future). It could be inferred that, a basic assumption underlying Claudia's depression was the notion that: ‘unless I am liked I will always be alone’. This, Calderón explained, points to schemata which are tacit cognitive structures made up