Freud held that the repressed unconscious arose from the separation of thing-presentations from word-presentations. The author divests these terms of the implication that they are objectively existing entities by citing some of Freud's other texts. Thing-presentations are memory-traces of (as yet) non-language-based interactions - that is, precipitates of actions that have been experienced and models of future actions. Scenic understanding, which, on the basis of participation by the therapist in the patient's play, treats all material presented by the patient by an approach analogous to the interpretation of dreams, is therefore the royal road to the unconscious.