The work of Strachey “The nature of the therapeutic action of Psychoanalysis” (1934) is a seminal text that has been translated and republished many times. This text is intended as an “afterword” to it, updating the question of the therapeutic nature of psychoanalysis viewed from the vertex of the new Paradigm of Complexity, which brings up the quest of self-organization of living beings.

In the years 40/50 of twentieth century there is a radical detour in science with the emergence of cybernetics that leads to a profound reconfiguration in approaching reality with ideas of system, self-organization, indeterminacy, and of nonlinearity. From that facts we may recognize the emergence of a new epistemology that is a complex epistemology in the measure that we do not approach the reality in a separated way evermore, but in such way that all dimensions of reality are considered as configuring a system.

So, what changed in Psychoanalysis with the paradigm shift? Considering its origin in the clinical divan, as stated by Strachey, it is not surprising that the changes are more in the theoretical approach than in praxis.