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Abstract
This study had four objectives: 1) to develop and validate a cultural and temporal Psychoanalysis Use/Non-Use scale (PUNU) for use by counsellors and psychotherapists; 2) to develop a complementary Conflicts with Chinese Culture scale (CCC); 3) to investigate the inter-correlations between universal factors from the PUNU scale and the CCC; and 4) to determine if the PUNU is a culturally appropriate tool that may be adopted in different cultures. A total of 177 Hong Kong professionals were surveyed to develop and assess the scales' internal psychometric properties. Factor analysis confirmed a four factor structure for the PUNU, and a unidimensional structure for the CCC, with 17 and 6 items, respectively. Internal reliability of both scales was good. Results suggest that culture partially and indirectly influences one's counseling theoretical orientation. These findings may help identify factors that affect the understanding of psychoanalysis across cultures.