Authors, examining the historical evolution of the Ferenczi's thought, found in it the foundation of modern approach and the current practice of psychoanalysis, focusing on the concept of relational reciprocity experienced in the hic e t nunc of the analytic session, on the analyst's subjectivity, on the use of countertransference as a tool for analysis and, above all, the re-evaluation of the influence of external reality on the development of mental disorders. On this track, the author, proposing a parallel literary analysis starting from Freud's thought and then through Winnicott's thought, in which rediscover the psychoanalytic theory of Ferenczi. Authors therefore identifies a common file rouge that links Winnicott and Ferenczi, that finds its conclusion in the final consideration that psychoanalytic treatment is conceptualized as an shared emotional experience, which embraces the analytic couple and with it the real dimension of the relationship.