Following doctoral research aimed at co-constructing the maternal bond in very preterm birth situations, this paper presents the main results as a contribution to the current views on early psychological care for very preterm infants and their parents. The originality of this longitudinal and comparative study is due, in particular, to its dual prospective and retrospective approach, which takes into account the psychological temporality in which preterm birth takes place. The study was conducted simultaneously in four research sites over a period of one and a half years and included 15 women. Analysis of the data collected through 34 semi-directive interviews identified how the maternalisation of these women developed during their pregnancy and after the birth of their infants, whether they were born prematurely or at full term. The different logical periods identified in the maternalisation process highlighted the importance of the continuity of the mother's ability to fantasise about the libidinal investment in the infant, and particularly in the event of hospitalisation of the mother and/or child. Analysis of the transferable elements for these women in their relationship to medicine and healthcare professionals in very preterm births opens up avenues for reflection as to their importance in accompanying parents.