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Abstract
Human beings oscillate between two vital sensations: hope and hopelessness. Their alternance is essential in relationships; they are rooted in the earliest bonds and have an important role in personality development.
Hope-hopelessness function as a dialectic pair and their spectrum is a useful vertex to apprehend the dynamic field created in analysis (Baranger, 2008). Emphasis is given to countertransference, considering its impact on the analyst´s conception of his analysand, their bond and the potential or impossibility of working together.
A glimpse of hope in the countertransference is indispensable to develop an analysis. Hope in countertransference has its roots in the conviction of the fertility of the psychoanalytic tool, acknowledging its limitations, to propitiate psychic growth. It is essential to contain and elaborate profound hopelessness that carries sensations of inner death and void. Sharing the deepest hopelessness implies, paradoxically, the hope of integrating and healing.
Hope–hopelessness allows an understanding of inhibitions and sublime creations. Two extreme examples, white psychosis and artistic creation, are analyzed.
The risk of the analyst of acting-out his own hope or hopelessness is considered, emphasizing the need for self-analysis.
Ideas are illustrated with a case, a theoretical review is carried out, technical guidelines are suggested.
Los seres humanos oscilan entre dos sensaciones vitales: esperanza y desesperanza. Su alternancia es esencial para las relaciones; se cimientan en los vínculos tempranos y tienen un rol importante en el desarrollo. Esperanza - desesperanza son pares dialecticos y su espectro es útil para aprehender el campo dinámico del psicoanálisis. Se hace énfasis en la contratransferencia dado su impacto en la concepción del psicoanalista sobre su analizando, el vínculo y la potencialidad o imposibilidad de trabajar juntos. Un resquicio de esperanza contratransferencial es indispensable para desarrollar un análisis. La esperanza contratransferencial está enraizada en la convicción de la fertilidad de la herramienta analítica, aceptando sus limitaciones, para propiciar el crecimiento psíquico. Es esencial contener y elaborar la más profunda desesperanza que acarea sensaciones de vacío y muerte interna. Compartir la desesperanza implica, paradójicamente, esperanza de integración y transformación.
El vértice esperanza - desesperanza permite comprender las inhibiciones y las creaciones sublimes. Dos ejemplos extremos: la psicosis blanca y la creación artística son analizadas.