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| Some Characteristics of the Present Approach |
| 5 |
| Theories of Motivation | 13 |
| Note on the Concept of Feedback in Freud's Theorising | 22 |
| 2 | Observations to Be Explained | 24 |
| Part II: Instinctive Behaviour |
| 3 | Instinctive Behaviour: An Alternative Model | 37 |
| Introduction | 37 |
| Some Principles of Control Systems | 41 |
| Control Systems and Instinctive Behaviour | 44 |
| Adaptation: System and Environment | 50 |
| Note on Literature | 56 |
| 4 | Man's Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness | 58 |
| 5 | Behavioural Systems Mediating Instinctive Behaviour | 65 |
| Types of Behavioural System | 65 |
| Co-Ordination of Behavioural Systems | 74 |
| Higher Processes of Integration and Control | 80 |
| 6 | Causation of Instinctive Behaviour | 85 |
| Activation and Termination of Behavioural Systems | 85 |
| Incompatible Behavioural Systems: Results of Simultaneous Activation | 97 |
| Sensory Input and its Transformation | 102 |
| 7 | Appraising and Selecting: Feeling and Emotion | 104 |
| Introduction | 104 |
| Philosophical Problems | 106 |
| Processes That are Felt | 109 |
| Function of Instinctive Behaviour |
| 124 |
| Functions of Behavioural Systems and other Consequences of Their Activity | 124 |
| Problems of Terminology | 133 |
| 9 | Changes in Behaviour During the Life-Cycle | 141 |
| 10 | Ontogeny of Instinctive Behaviour | 145 |
| Changes that Occur During the Ontogeny of Behavioural Systems | 145 |
| Restriction of Range of Effective Stimuli | 147 |
| Elaboration of Primitive Behavioural Systems and Their Super-Session by Sophisticated Systems | 152 |
| Integration of Behavioural Systems into Functional Wholes | 157 |
| Sensitive Periods of Development | 161 |
| Imprinting | 166 |
| Comparison of Old and New Theories of Instinctive Behaviour | 172 |
| Part III: Attachment Behaviour |
| 11 | The Child's Tie to his Mother: Attachment Behaviour | 177 |
| Alternative Theories | 177 |
| Attachment Behaviour and its Place in Nature | 180 |
| Attachment Behaviour in Sub-Human Primates | 184 |
| Attachment Behaviour in Man | 198 |
| 12 | Nature and Function of Attachment Behaviour | 2 |