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Two scientists made a scientific discovery during psychoanalytic treatment, observed by Székely. I compared them with one another and with a third scientist, Descartes, who left behind personal reminiscences about one of his discoveries, suitable for psychoanalytical elaboration. I found many common features in their personalities. In addition it could be demonstrated that creative thinking in science is closely connected with a specific reparation mechanism, common in the anal stage of development. This mechanism consists of transforming dark, opaque objects into transparent ones in fantasy and thus providing an insight into them. The peculiarities of this mechanism were described and thus the mechanism and the growth of insight were understood. The knowledge about this insight had been applied to interpretation in psychoanalysis. It could be established that the psychological structure of creative thinking in science and interpretation in psychoanalysis is the same. Based on the identity of both, a model of the psychoanalytical process could be drawn including the structure of insight and its relation to empathy, and also the relation of them in changing the patient during treatment.