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Psychoanalytic theory and practice have undergone extensive modifications in the past 30 years. While almost every theoretical concept formulated by Freud has been altered or restated, his basic constructions have been reaffirmed and validated. While the Freudian revolution had its impact on most areas of human knowledge by the recognition of the role of the unconscious in human behavior, it also produced a theory of mental functioning and a therapy for mental disorders which were epochal developments in the history of man.
Freud developed a consistent and complete theory of personality development which was based on a set of hypotheses which were remarkably productive. However, while extraordinary in their scope and inclusiveness, they left too many questions unanswered and closed off the investigation in other areas.
In recent years serious and scholarly psychoanalysts have offered new theoretical and practical revision of his original ideas. Rather than weakening the edifice that Freud built, they have contributed to the ultimate integrations which have yet to come. Psychoanalysis is a young science, not ready for closure, and should encourage and seek out serious and critical appraisals. A